Nozzles - Fire Safety

Nozzles - Fire Safety

• The nozzle is a small metal fitting made of gun metal or brass or bronze having a tapered shape generally.
• But it can be made to several shapes depending on the nature of purpose it is manufactured for. 
• These have internal thread for attachment to the branch. 
• As a precaution against damage the delivery orifice is counter sunk in the nozzle to a depth of 3 mm. 
• The base of the nozzle is hexagonally shaped to permit the use of spanner. 
• Standard nozzles to fit any branch with 63 mm or 70 mm hose are made of machined gun metal and vary in length from 4 to 4V2".The bores of the nozzle vary in diameter from 4.6 mm to 44 mm.
• Larger bores are used in Deluge sets or Monitors etc. 
• Besides there are nozzles used for Hose Reel Hose, Portable Extinguishers. 
• Also there are nozzles made suitable for providing fine mist or combination of spray etc.

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Reasons Why Spread Fire - Fire and Safety

Reasons Why Spread Fire ?

1. Failure of Early Detection
2. Absence of Compartments in Building Structure
3. Compartments Undermined
4. Materials Inappropriately Stored 
   

1. Failure of Early Detection

Early detection of fire spread can be delayed by:

• No detection system or patrols
• No alarm system in place
• People not knowing or confusing the sound of the alarm
• Not promptly extinguished due to no hoses or extinguishers
• Fire Starts in Unoccupied area
• Fire Starts out of normal work hours
• Numerous hot working tasks conducted - therefore smells of burning ignored

2. Absence of Compartments in Building Structure
Fire spread within a building can result from an absence of compartments:

• Open plan office
• False ceilings
• The structure under construction or alteration is complete and has reduced separation between levels and/or sections on a level.

3. Compartments Undermined
Fire Spread within a building can result compartments being undermined:

• Fire doors wedged open
• Poor maintenance of door structure
• Holes may be designed to pass through compartments and are waiting fitment of services and subsequent sealing
• Holes cut for ducts or doorways or to provide temporary access to locate/remove equipment.
• Compartments may be progressively created in buildings under alteration, thus increasing the risk of fire spread.

4. Materials Inappropriately Stored
Inappropriate storage of materials can cause of fire spread:

• Flammable liquids not controlled - too much or in unsuitable containers.
• Boxes in corridors, under stairways or in access routes.
• Off cuts of wood and saw dust left in the area where work has taken place.
• Packing materials used in the process, such as shredded paper, polystyrene, bubble wrap, etc.,
• Pallets and plastic covering left near to ignition sources.

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